Article

Obesity alters whole body kinematics and joint kinetics during
activities of daily living which are thought to contribute to increased risk of
musculoskeletal injury, development of lower extremity joint osteoarthritis (OA),
and physical disability. To date, it has widely been accepted that excess adipose
tissue mass is the major driver of biomechanical alterations in obesity. However,
it is well established that obesity is a systemic disease affecting numerous, if
not all, organ systems of the body. Indeed, obesity elicits numerous adaptations
within skeletal muscle, including alterations in muscle structure (ex. myofiber
size, architecture, lipid accumulation, and fiber type), recruitment patterns,
and contractile function (ex. force production, power production, and fatigue)
which may influence kinematics and joint kinetics.
This review discusses the
specific adaptations of skeletal muscle to obesity, potential mechanisms
underlying these adaptations, and how these adaptations may affect biomechanics.
CI - Copyright (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Langue : ANGLAIS