Article

PURPOSE: To review various types of electroencephalographic activities of the
brain and present an overview of brain-computer interface (BCI) systems' history
and their applications in rehabilitation. METHODS:
A scoping review of published
English literature on BCI application in the field of rehabilitation was
undertaken. IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Scopus databases were
searched since inception up to August 2012. All experimental studies published in
English and discussed complete cycle of the BCI process was included in the
review. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In total, 90 articles met the inclusion criteria
and were reviewed. Various approaches that improve the accuracy and performance
of BCI systems were discussed. Based on BCI's clinical application, reviewed
articles were categorized into three groups: motion rehabilitation, speech
rehabilitation and virtual reality control (VRC). Almost half of the reviewed
papers (48%) concentrated on VRC. Speech rehabilitation and motion rehabilitation
made up 33% and 19% of the reviewed papers, respectively. Among different types
of electroencephalography signals, P300, steady state visual evoked potentials
and motor imagery signals were the most common. CONCLUSIONS: This review
discussed various applications of BCI in rehabilitation and showed how BCI can be
used to improve the quality of life for people with neurological disabilities. It
will develop and promote new models of communication and finally, will create an
accurate, reliable, online communication between human brain and computer and
reduces the negative effects of external stimuli on BCI performance. Implications
for Rehabilitation The field of brain-computer interfaces (BCI) is rapidly
advancing and it is expected to fulfill a critical role in rehabilitation of
neurological disorders and in movement restoration in the forthcoming years. In
the near future, BCI has notable potential to become a major tool used by people
with disabilities to control locomotion and communicate with surrounding
environment and, consequently, improve the quality of life for many affected
persons. Electrical field recording at the scalp (i.e. electroencephalography) is
the most likely method to be of practical value for clinical use as it is simple
and non-invasive. However, some aspects need future improvements, such as the
ability to separate close imagery signal (motion of extremities and phalanges
that are close together)
- Brain computer interface (BCI)

Langue : ANGLAIS