Article

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether use of neighborhood characteristics derived from
U.S. Census Bureau information contributes to the prediction of outcomes after
traumatic brain injury (TBI) beyond the variance accounted for by individual
characteristics. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of follow-up interviews
conducted 1, 2, and 5 years postinjury. SETTING: Twelve Traumatic Brain Injury
Model Systems (TBIMS) centers. PARTICIPANTS: Patients 16 years of age and older
with moderate or severe TBI enrolled in the TBIMS National Database (N=472).
INTERVENTIONS: None.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Satisfaction With Life Scale and
Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective. RESULTS: Individual
characteristics alone accounted for 26% and 48% of variance in life satisfaction
and participation, respectively; neighborhood characteristics alone accounted for
6% and 9% of variance, respectively. Models combining both types of
characteristics included significant neighborhood and individual predictors for
participation but not life satisfaction; however, for participation, prediction
only improved beyond that found for individual characteristics alone by 1.2%.
CONCLUSIONS: The results did not support the hypotheses that characteristics of a
person's neighborhood would increase outcome prediction beyond that which can be
accomplished based on characteristics of the individual alone. Though
neighborhood characteristics were statistically significant in prediction models,
the improvement in percent of variance accounted for was negligible. Refinements
in conceptualization and methodology are suggested for continued exploration of
the contribution of neighborhood characteristics to TBI outcomes.
CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Langue : ANGLAIS