Article

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex heterogeneous disease. Diagnostic criteria
are based on symptoms, biomarkers, MRI data and exclusion of differential
diagnoses. Over the past few years, the usefulness of biomarkers has
progressively decreased with the development of new MRI criteria, yet dozens of
new biomarkers, especially in cerebrospinal fluid, for MS diagnosis and prognosis
have been described. Large-scale studies validating some of these new biomarkers
have also provided confirmation of a restricted set of biomarkers (presented here
in this review) as having potential value for different stages of the disease,
including as early as clinically isolated syndrome and radiologically isolated
syndrome. However, differentiating progressive forms of MS from
relapsing-remitting MS remains a genuine challenge, and could help to predict
future conversion to secondary-progressive MS. In addition, new approaches
combining multiple biomarkers might allow us to unravel the complexity of the
disease and determine disease stages more precisely. Moreover, recent
technological developments allowing analysis of biomarkers in plasma have also
provided less invasive analysis of MS, and should serve to predict MS evolution
and therapeutic responses during follow-up.
CI - Copyright (c) 2018. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

Langue : ANGLAIS