Article

This review evaluates the underlying training components currently
used in task-oriented training and assesses the effects of these components on
skilled arm-hand performance in patients after a stroke. METHODS: A computerized
systematic literature search in 5 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, and
Cochrane) identified randomized clinical trials, published through March 2009,
evaluating the effects of task-oriented training. Relevant article references
listed in publications included were also screened. The methodological quality of
the selected studies was assessed with the Van Tulder Checklist. For each
functional outcome measure used, the effect size (bias corrected Hedges's g) was
calculated. RESULTS: The intervention results in 528 patients (16 studies) were
studied. From these, 15 components were identified to characterize task-oriented
training. An average of 7.8 (standard deviation = 2.1) components were used in
the included trials. There was no correlation between the number of task-oriented
training components used in a study and the treatment effect size. "Distributed
practice" and "feedback" were associated with the largest postintervention effect
sizes. "Random practice" and "use of clear functional goals" were associated with
the largest follow-up effect sizes. CONCLUSION:
The task-oriented training was
operationalized with 15 components. The number of components used in an
intervention aimed at improving arm-hand performance after stroke was not
associated with the posttreatment effect size. Certain components, which optimize
storage of learned motor performance in the long-term memory, occurred more in
studies with larger treatment effects.

Langue : ANGLAIS