Article

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention
program to prevent falls among older adults as compared with a brief
intervention. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Eleven health centers
located in Cordoba, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: People over 70 years old (N=404), who
are residents in the community. INTERVENTIONS: The centers were randomized to
either 1 of the 2 groups: intervention group (IG), of a multifactorial nature
(individual advice, information leaflet, physical exercise workshop, and home
visits), or control group (CG) (brief individual advice and information leaflet).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fall rates and time until the fall; estimates of the
relative and absolute risk of falls; and survival analysis and Cox regression.
RESULTS: Of the patients recruited, 133 were in the IG and 271 were in the CG.
Around 33% in the IG and 30.25% in the CG had had a fall in the previous year
(P=.56). After 12 months, the fall incidence rate was 17.29% in the IG and 23.61%
in the CG (relative risk=0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48-1.12; P=.146).
Around 60% of the IG patients said they had increased the time spent on physical
activity. In the IG, the incidence of falls at home was 27.5% compared with 49.3%
in the CG (P=.04). Being a woman (odds ratio [OR]=1.62; 95% CI, 1.03-2.54),
having a history of falls (OR=1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.26), suffering acute health
problems (OR=2.19; 95% CI, 1.09-4.40), and doing moderate exercise (OR=1.91; 95%
CI, 1.08-3.38) were found as factors associated with a higher risk of falls.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the reduction of falls in the IG was nearly halved, and
after the intervention there was a significant reduction in the number of falls
at these patients' homes, the multifactorial intervention program is no more
effective than the brief intervention to reduce the overall risk of falls.
CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Langue : ANGLAIS