Article

Physical activity behavior is influenced by a complex set of interrelated variables.
Objective: To describe the literature of objectively measured (accelerometer and pedometer) physical activity involving individuals with intellectual disability using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model of Functioning and Disability as a framework.
Major findings: Overall, studies were small in scale; included individuals with higher intellectual functioning; and tended to exclude individuals with co-morbid, associated, or secondary conditions. Study results indicate that less than one-third of adults are meeting health guidelines for physical activity; however, children and youth may be more active. Whether the population is less active than the general community is uncertain; but there appears to be syndrome-specific differences in participation. The breadth of factors investigated as potential correlates of physical activity is not as wide-ranging as the general population. Factors positively associated with physical activity were social connectedness and weekday; and among children and youth, physical activity was higher among boys and younger age groups. Conclusions: The inclusion and exclusion criterion applied to studies to date suggests that estimates of physical activity are upwardly biased. Accordingly, research that represents the diversity of individuals with intellectual disability is needed. It is obvious from this review that there is a great scope to examine a broad range of factors that may influence participation in physical activity. Research would benefit from incorporating disability-specific or generic models of health or physical activity participation to help select, organize, and interpret factors of importance.

Langue : ANGLAIS