Article

Prospective scoping review. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a scoping review
of all the literature related to bladder cancer in individuals with spinal cord
injuries (SCI). METHODS: Literature search of the databases Pubmed, CINAHL,
ProQuest, PsychINFO and Scopus up to and including August 2012. Articles related
to bladder cancer among SCI patients were identified, and data pertaining to
epidemiology, risk factors, screening, prevention and management was reviewed and
summarized. RESULTS: An association between bladder cancer and SCI was first
reported in the 1960s, with some case reports suggesting an alarmingly high rate
among SCI patients. More recent epidemiological studies have reported this risk
to be substantially lower. However, bladder cancer in SCI patients tends to
present at an earlier age and at a more advanced pathological stage than bladder
cancer in the general population. Presenting symptoms may be atypical, and early
recognition is important to improve prognosis with surgical resection. Several
risk factors have been identified, including indwelling catheters, urinary tract
infections and bladder calculi. Screening of SCI patients for bladder cancer is
routinely recommended in many SCI management guidelines and by expert consensus;
however, evidence for screening tools and protocols is lacking. CONCLUSION:
Bladder cancer is a rare, and potentially lethal occurrence in SCI patients.
Physicians need to have a high index of suspicion for bladder cancer,
particularly among SCI patients managed with long-term indwelling catheters.

Langue : ANGLAIS