Article

Sleep changes are frequently reported following traumatic brain
injury (TBI) and have an impact on rehabilitation and quality of life following
injury. Potential causes include injury to brain regions associated with sleep
regulation, as well as secondary factors, including depression, anxiety, and
pain. Understanding the nature and causes of sleep changes following TBI
represents a vital step in developing effective treatments. OBJECTIVE: The study
aimed to investigate subjective sleep changes in a community-based sample of
individuals with TBI in comparison with noninjured age- and sex-matched controls
and to explore the impact of secondary factors (pain, anxiety, depression,
employment) on these self-reported sleep changes. METHODS: A total of 153
participants with mild to severe TBI and 128 noninjured controls completed
self-report measures relating to their sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, mood,
fatigue, and pain and completed a sleep diary each day for 7 days. RESULTS:
Compared with the noninjured controls, participants with TBI reported
significantly poorer sleep quality and higher levels of daytime sleepiness; sleep
diaries revealed longer sleep onset latency, poorer sleep efficiency, longer
sleep duration, and more frequent daytime napping in the TBI group, as well as
earlier bedtimes and greater total sleep duration. Anxiety, depression, and pain
were associated with poorer sleep quality. Greater injury severity was also
associated with a need for longer sleep time.
CONCLUSION: These findings
highlight the importance of assessing and addressing pain, anxiety, and
depression as part of the process of treating TBI-related sleep disturbances.

Langue : ANGLAIS