Article

Stereotypies have been defined as non-goal-directed movement patterns repeated
continuously for a period of time in the same form and on multiple occasions, and
which are typically distractible. Stereotypical motor behaviors are a common
clinical feature of a variety of neurological conditions that affect cortical and
subcortical functions, including autism, tardive dyskinesia, excessive
dopaminergic treatment of Parkinson's disease and frontotemporal dementia.
The main differential diagnosis of stereotypies includes tic disorders, motor
mannerisms, compulsion and habit. The pathophysiology of stereotypies may involve
the corticostriatal pathways, especially the orbitofrontal and anterior
cingulated cortices. Because antipsychotics have long been used to manage
stereotypical behaviours in mental retardation, stereotypies that present in
isolation tend not to warrant pharmacological intervention, as the benefit-to-risk ratio is not great enough.
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Langue : ANGLAIS