Article

The study's purpose was to identify and synthesize research evidence
regarding the effect of the environment on community participation of children
with disabilities. METHODS:
A scoping review of peer-reviewed studies published
from 1990 to 2011 was performed. Two independent reviewers selected studies based
on a systematic procedure. Inclusion criteria for studies were: participants with
a disability, aged 5-21 years, whose environment was examined in relation to
participation in out-of-school activities. Data were organized and synthesized
based on environmental domains within the International Classification of
Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF): Natural Environment/Products and
Technology; Support and Relationships; Attitudes; and Services, Systems and
Policies. RESULTS: Searching identified 1232 articles and 31 met the inclusion
criteria. Each domain of the environment within the ICF influenced participation
as a facilitator and/or barrier. The most common facilitators involved social
support of family and friends and geographic location. The most common barriers
included attitudes, physical environment, transportation, policies and the lack
of support from staff and service providers. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge derived from
this review can assist practitioners in addressing the specific environmental
domains that influence children's participation. Such awareness can also foster
new research questions and assist policy makers in identifying the factors
influencing participation. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: All domains of the
environment, suggested by the ICF, have an influence on children's
participation.Evidence regarding the effect of the environment on participation
is focused primarily on children with physical disabilities; more studies are
needed involving various health conditions and age groups. Practitioners and
decision-makers can focus attention on specific aspects of the environment, e.g.
attitudinal challenges and social support, in order to foster inclusion and
participation-based communities.

Langue : ANGLAIS