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Racial and ethnic disparities in employment outcomes for persons with traumatic brain injury

ARANGO LASPRILLA JC; KETCHUM JM; LEWIS AN; KRCH D; GARY KW; DODD BA JR
PM & R , 2011, vol. 3, n° 12, p. 1083-1091
Doc n°: 155572
Localisation : Documentation IRR

D.O.I. : http://dx.doi.org/DOI:10.1016/j.pmrj.2011.05.023
Descripteurs : AF3 - TRAUMATISME CRANIEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether differences exist in employment rates between
whites, blacks, and Hispanics with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at 1, 2, or 5
years after injury; to determine whether changes occur in postinjury employment
rates over time for whites, blacks, and Hispanics; and to determine whether
changes in postinjury employment rates over time are different for whites,
blacks, and Hispanics. SETTING: Sixteen TBI Model System centers. PATIENTS OR
OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Persons (3,940) with moderate-to-severe TBI who self-reported
as white, black, or Hispanic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Employment status
dichotomized as competitively employed versus not competitively employed.
RESULTS: The odds of competitive employment were significantly greater for whites
versus blacks at 1, 2, and 5 years after injury and were greater for whites
versus Hispanics at 1 and 2 years after injury; whites and Hispanics did not
differ significantly at 5 years after injury; and blacks and Hispanics were not
significantly different at 1, 2, or 5 years after injury. The odds of employment
increased significantly from 1-2, 2-5, and 1-5 years after injury for whites and
Hispanics, whereas the odds of employment increased from 2-5 and 1-5 years after
injury for blacks, with no significant difference between 1 and 2 years after
injury for blacks. No evidence was found that the changes in employment rates
over time were significantly different among the race and/or ethnicity groups.
CONCLUSION: Future researchers should seek to identify causative factors for
employment disparities, and rehabilitation professionals should work to mitigate
inequalities in employment among racial and ethnic groups with TBI.
CI - Copyright (c) 2011 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Langue : ANGLAIS

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