Article

The development of a comprehensive and detailed model of the
musculature of the lumbar region is required if biomechanical models are to
accurately predict the forces and moments experienced by the lumbar spine.
METHODS: A new anatomical model representing the nine major muscles of the lumbar
spine and the thoracolumbar fascia is presented. These nine muscles are modeled
as numerous fascicles, each with its own force producing potential based on size
and line of action. The simulated spine is fully deformable, allowing rotation in
any direction, while respecting the physical constraints imposed by the skeletal
structure. Maximal moments were predicted by implementing the model using a
pseudo force distribution algorithm. Three types of surgery that affect the
spinal musculature were simulated: posterior spinal surgery, anterior surgery,
and total hip replacement. FINDINGS: Predicted moments matched published data
from maximum isometric exertions in male volunteers.
The biomechanical changes
for the three different types of surgery demonstrated several common features:
decreased spinal compression and production of asymmetric moments during
symmetric tasks. INTERPRETATION: This type of analysis provides new opportunities
to explore the effect of different patterns of muscle activity including muscle
injury on the biomechanics of the spine.
CI - Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Langue : ANGLAIS