Article

This article will focus on the less commonly injured nerves of the upper extremity. These nerves may be involved when trauma results in fractures,
dislocations, or swelling with resultant nerve compression. Tumors and ganglions
can also compress nerves, causing pain and, over time, demyelination or axon
degeneration with weakness. Other mechanisms for upper limb nerve injury include
participation in high-level sports, that is, those that generate torque about the
arm and shoulder, abnormal stresses about the joints and muscles, or muscle
hypertrophy, which may result in nerve injury. The goals of this review are to
discuss the clinical presentation and possible causes of upper extremity nerve
entrapments and to formulate an electrodiagnostic plan for evaluation.
Descriptions of the appropriate nerve conduction studies or needle
electromyographic protocols are included for specific nerves. The purpose of the
electrodiagnostic examination is to evaluate the degree of nerve injury, axon
loss over time, and later, evidence for reinnervation to assist with
prognostication. The latter has implications for management of the neuropathy,
including the type of exercises and therapy that may be indicated to help
maintain the stability and motion of the involved joint(s) and promote
strengthening over time as the nerve regenerates.
CI - Copyright (c) 2013 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Langue : ANGLAIS