Article

The beneficial effect of exercise training and exercise-based cardiac
rehabilitation on symptom-free exercise capacity,cardiovascular and skeletal
muscle function, quality of life, general healthy lifestyle, and reduction of
depressive symptoms and psychosocial stress is nowadays well recognized. However,
it remains largely obscure, which characteristics of physical activity (PA) and
exercise training--frequency, intensity, time (duration), type (mode), and volume
(dose: intensity x duration) of exercise--are the most effective. The present
paper, therefore, will deal with these exercise characteristics in the management
of individuals with cardiovascular disease, i.e. coronary artery disease and
chronic heart failure patients, but also in patients with congenital or valvular
heart disease. Based on the current literature, and if sufficient evidence is
available, recommendations from the European Association on Cardiovascular
Prevention and Rehabilitation are formulated regarding frequency, intensity, time
and type of PA, and safety aspects during exercise inpatients with cardiovascular
disease. This paper is the third in a series of three papers, all devoted to the
same theme: the importance of the exercise characteristics in the management of
cardiovascular health. Part I is directed to the general population and Part II
to individuals with cardiovascular risk factors. In general, PA recommendations
and exercise training programmes for patients with coronary artery disease or
chronic heart failure need to be tailored to the individual's exercise capacity
and risk profile, with the aim to reach and maintain the individually highest
fitness level possible and to perform endurance exercise training 30-60 min daily
(3-5 days per week) in combination with resistance training 2-3 times a week.
Because of the frequently reported dose-response relationship between training
effect and exercise intensity, one should seek sufficiently high training
intensities, although more scientific evidence on effect sizes and safety is
warranted. At present, there is insufficient data to give more specific
recommendations on type, dosage, and intensity of exercise in some other
cardiovascular diseases, such as congenital heart disease, valve disease,
cardiomyopathies, channelopathies, and patients with implanted devices.

Langue : ANGLAIS