Article

OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the research literature on distance and
speed requirements for adults to walk outside the home.
DATA SOURCES: We
conducted a systematic review and searched PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE,
CINAHL, Scopus, PEDro, and The Cochrane Library from 1948 to May 2012, and other
sources. Search terms included communities, walk, ambulation, and neighborhood.
STUDY SELECTION: Full-text peer-reviewed articles written in English, French, or
Spanish reporting distance and/or speed requirements for individuals walking
outside the home were considered eligible. Two authors independently screened
titles and abstracts. One author reviewed full-text articles to determine
inclusion. Of the 3191 titles and abstracts screened, 15 studies (.47%) were
selected for detailed review. One author appraised methodological quality.
Inadequate description of the reliability of the measurement methods and the
population of the town/city assessed was noted. DATA EXTRACTION: One author
extracted data from included studies. A second reviewer independently verified
extracted data for accuracy. DATA SYNTHESIS: Seven studies examining 24 community
sites and crosswalks in the United States, Australia, and Singapore were
included. Three sites with the largest mean distance requirements for adults to
walk were club warehouses (677m), superstores (183-607m), and hardware stores
(566m). Three sites with the lowest mean distance requirements were walking at
the front (16m) and back (19m) of the house, and at cemeteries (18m). The average
speed required to cross the street in the time of a walk signal varied from .44
to 1.32m/s. CONCLUSIONS: Distance and speed requirements for adults to walk in
the community environment vary widely. Findings are relevant to judging capacity
for community ambulation to carry out essential activities of daily living,
educating patients, and setting rehabilitation goals.
CI - Copyright (c) 2014 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by
Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Langue : ANGLAIS