Article

Patients with cardiovascular disease show autonomic dysfunction, including
sympathetic activation and vagal withdrawal, which leads to fatal events. This review aims to place sympathovagal balance as an essential element to be
considered in management for cardiovascular disease patients who benefit from a
cardiac rehabilitation program. Many studies showed that exercise training, as
non-pharmacologic treatment, plays an important role in enhancing sympathovagal
balance and could normalize levels of markers of sympathetic flow measured by
microneurography, heart rate variability or plasma catecholamine levels. This
alteration positively affects prognosis with cardiovascular disease. In general,
cardiac rehabilitation programs include moderate-intensity and continuous aerobic
exercise. Other forms of activities such as high-intensity interval training,
breathing exercises, relaxation and transcutaneous electrical stimulation can
improve sympathovagal balance and should be implemented in cardiac rehabilitation
programs. Currently, the exercise training programs in cardiac rehabilitation are
individualized to optimize health outcomes. The sports science concept of the
heart rate variability (HRV)-vagal index used to manage exercise sessions (for a
goal of performance) could be implemented in cardiac rehabilitation to improve
cardiovascular fitness and autonomic nervous system function.
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Langue : ANGLAIS