Article

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) development is considered to be
multifactorial with various knee, hip and foot/ankle kinematic factors thought to
be involved. A paucity of research evaluating kinematic factors throughout the
lower limb kinematic chain simultaneously in individuals with PFPS was identified
in a recent systematic review. The objective of this study was to compare
kinematics at the knee, hip and foot/ankle in a group of individuals with PFPS to
a group of asymptomatic controls. Twenty-six individuals with PFPS and 20
controls aged between 18 and 35 were recruited. Between-group comparisons were
made for magnitude and timing of peak angles, and range of motion at the forefoot
(dorsiflexion, abduction and supination), rearfoot (dorsiflexion, internal
rotation and eversion), knee (flexion, abduction and internal rotation) and hip
(adduction and internal rotation) during walking. The PFPS group demonstrated
less peak hip internal rotation (7.0 degrees versus 11.8 degrees , p=0.024,
p=0.024), earlier peak rearfoot eversion relative to the laboratory (30.4% versus
35.3% of the gait cycle, p=0.010) and tibia (32.7% versus 36.5% of the gait
cycle, p=0.030), and greater rearfoot dorsiflexion range of motion relative to
the laboratory (72.3 degrees versus 68.2 degrees , p=0.007). Additionally, a
trend toward reduced gait velocity (p=0.070) was found in the PFPS group. Reduced
peak hip internal rotation and gait velocity in individuals with PFPS may
indicate compensation to reduce PFJ load during walking. However, earlier peak
rearfoot eversion may be a factor related to the pathomechanical development of
the condition.
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